Journal is indexed in following databases:
- SCOPUS
- Web of Science Core Collection - Journal Citation Reports
- EBSCOhost
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- TRID Database - Transportation Research Board
- Index Copernicus Journals Master List
- BazTech
- Google Scholar
2024 Journal Impact Factor - 0.6
2024 CiteScore - 1.9
ISSN 2083-6473
ISSN 2083-6481 (electronic version)
Editor-in-Chief
Associate Editor
Prof. Tomasz Neumann
Published by
TransNav, Faculty of Navigation
Gdynia Maritime University
3, John Paul II Avenue
81-345 Gdynia, POLAND
e-mail transnav@umg.edu.pl
Onboard Competence for Optimal Application of WAPS Systems
1 SINTEF Digital, Trondheim, Norway
2 SINTEF Ocean AS, Trondheim, Norway
3 Stödig Ship Management, Paradis, Norway
2 SINTEF Ocean AS, Trondheim, Norway
3 Stödig Ship Management, Paradis, Norway
ABSTRACT: UN’s Sustainably goal 13 (Climate action) addresses the need to reduce harmful emissions from all types of industrial and transport activities [1]. The Fourth IMO GHG Study 2020 estimated that GHG emissions from shipping in 2018 accounted for some 2.89% of global anthropogenic GHG emissions [2]. As well as for other transport sectors, national and international maritime regulatory bodies have defined goals for reduction of greenhouse gases within given time limits (2030 and 2050). Many of these goals have been defined from an optimistic view of introduction of new hull designs and propulsion technologies, fuels and operational measures such as fleet capability utilization and routing. The present economic reality indicates that it may be difficult, if not impossible, to reach the goals in time. Wind-Assisted Propulsion Systems (WAPS) have been recognised as an essential contributor to a sustainable maritime energy transition. WAPS offer a cost-efficient carbon free source of propulsion, contributing to energy efficiency and eventually limiting the cost and volume burden of upcoming zero-carbon fuels. Maximising the potential of this technology in operation requires skilled seafarers and effective training programs.
KEYWORDS: Maritime Education and Training (MET), Weather Routing, Environment Protection, Crew Competences, Wind-Assisted Propulsion Systems (WAPS), Ship Energy Efficiency, Logistics Optimization, Sustainable Shipping
REFERENCES
United Nations: The 17 Goals. Department of Economics and Social Affairs – Sustainable Development. (https://sdgs.un.org/goals, visited 2025.04.02)
International Maritime Organisation: Fourth IMO Greenhouse Gas Study 2020 – Full report. London, England, 2021. Url: https://www.imo.org/en/ourwork/Environment/Pages/Fourth-IMO-Greenhouse-Gas-Study-2020.aspx
International Maritime Organisation: IMO approves net-zero regulations for global shipping. Maritime environmental Protection Committee – MEPC83. https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/pages/IMO-approves-netzero-regulations.aspx, visited 2025.05.14.
European Commission: Reducing emissions from the shipping sector. https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/transport/reducing-emissions-shipping-sector_en , visited 2025.04.02.
Norwegian Government: Regjeringens klimastatus og -plan, Særskilt vedlegg til Prop. 1 S (2024–2025), Ministry of Climate and Environment, 07.10.2024. Url: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/1b2fd715fe494bd886a4756a49737670/no/pdfs/regjeringens-klimastatus-og-plan.pdf
Lindstad, et al. Wise use of renewable energy in transport. Transp Res D Transp Environ., 2023, 119:103713 - doi:10.1016/j.trd.2023.103713
European Maritime Safety Agency (2023), Potential of Wind-Assisted Propulsion for Shipping, EMSA, Lisbon, 2023
MEPC 81/INF.39. Reduction of GHG Emissions from ships. White paper on wind propulsion, Submitted by Comoros, France, Solomon Islands and IWSA. MEPC81, 12 January 2024.
MEPC 83/INF.19. Reduction Of Ghg Emissions From Ships, Wind propulsion technologies – a key zero-emission energy solution, Submitted by RINA and IWSA, 31 January 2025.
https://bound4blue.com/esail/
MI Academy. 2025. Wind Assisted Propulsion Systems, Urlhttps://academy.marineinsight.com/courses-old/wind-assisted-propulsion-system/
Enkhuizen Nautical College. 2025. Wind-assisted ship propulsion Course. url: https://www.ezs.nl/wind-assisted-ship-propulsion.html
IWSA, 2024. Results Of The Small Vessel Sector Survey, Sept. 2024. Url: https://www.wind-ship.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Small-Windship-Survey-Results-2024.pdf
CreWind. 2024. Basic online crew training tool for safe and optimal operation, url: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SrTLZw0vZl2UcgBmPm-Rw15EzdcJLFzT/view
ENSM. 2025. Training for wind-propulsion. url: https://www.supmaritime.fr/formation-propulsion-velique/
EC Nantes. 2025. Training course for wind-assisted propulsion for merchant vessels. url: https://www.ec-nantes.fr/formation/formation-continue/propulsion-velique
E. Goffman, Asylums, Penguin Books, 1961
G.M. Lamvik, The Filipino seafarer: A life between sacrifice and shopping. Anthropology in Action, 19, 1, Berghahn Books, 2012. - doi:10.3167/aia.2012.190104
Citation note:
Lamvik G., Berg T.E., Sylwestrzak A., Rialland A.: Onboard Competence for Optimal Application of WAPS Systems. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 19, No. 2, doi:10.12716/1001.19.02.39, pp. 679-687, 2025
Authors in other databases:
Gunnar Lamvik:
orcid.org/0009-0003-9898-6815
17344128800


Tor Einar Berg:
orcid.org/0000-0002-2945-8889
8448838500


Artur Sylwestrzak:
Agathe Rialland:
orcid.org/0000-0002-1122-1955
56462808400

