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2024 Journal Impact Factor - 0.6
2024 CiteScore - 1.9
ISSN 2083-6473
ISSN 2083-6481 (electronic version)
Editor-in-Chief
Associate Editor
Prof. Tomasz Neumann
Published by
TransNav, Faculty of Navigation
Gdynia Maritime University
3, John Paul II Avenue
81-345 Gdynia, POLAND
e-mail transnav@umg.edu.pl
Enhancing Island–Mainland Connectivity in Estonia: Organizational and Sustainability Challenges
1 Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
2 Tallinn University of Technology, Kuressaare, Estonia
2 Tallinn University of Technology, Kuressaare, Estonia
ABSTRACT: In this paper we analyse ferry connectivity between Estonia’s mainland and major islands, focusing on structural drivers of service performance, costs, and sustainability. Using operational data and institutional analysis, we show that outcomes are shaped primarily by route characteristics, seasonality, vessel requirements, and infrastructure lock-in rather than operational efficiency alone. The current reliance on uniform large ice-class ferries and terminals tailored to existing vessels has reduced system flexibility and constrained decarbonisation. Drawing on selected international practices with relevance to Estonia, the analysis identifies four strategic priorities—measurable service levels, clearer institutional responsibility, more flexible funding, and diversified fleet deployment—and demonstrates that right-sized vessels and modular capacity can improve utilisation, reduce energy demand at terminals, enhance resilience to variable water levels, and support phased electrification. Strengthening island connectivity therefore requires integrated planning of services, vessels, and infrastructure under clear governance frameworks.
KEYWORDS: Maritime Transport Policy, Sustainable Maritime Transport, Maritime Transportation Systems, Ferry Transport, Island Connectivity, Public Service Obligations, Fleet Optimization, Decarbonisation of Shipping
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Citation note:
Utso M., Zaitseva-Pärnaste I., Parnell K.E.: Enhancing Island–Mainland Connectivity in Estonia: Organizational and Sustainability Challenges. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 20, No. 2, doi:10.12716/1001.20.02.18, pp. 449-458, 2026
Authors in other databases:
Maarius Utso:
orcid.org/0009-0007-8812-3273
orcid.org/0009-0007-8812-3273
Inga Zaitseva-Pärnaste:
6602861712
_3sa7iwAAAAJOther publications of authors:
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