45
stable norms and cut‑off scores; (ii) conduct test‑retest
and inter‑rater reliability studies over typical tour
lengths (± 90 days); (iii) examine predictive validity
against safety incidents and medical‑leave records; and
(iv) translate/adapt the SPS into at least five IMO
working languages, following ITC/APA guidelines for
cross‑cultural test adaptation. These steps will move
the SPS toward the full quality standards required of a
psychological test and will furnish maritime
organisations with an evidence‑based screening tool
for targeted mental‑health interventions.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The Authors gratefully acknowledge the support of
Galatasaray University, Scientific Research Support
Programme under grant number of SOA-2023-1163.
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APPENDIX A: ADMINISTRATION SHEET (READY
FOR PHOTOCOPYING OR E‑SURVEY)