233

1 INTRODUCTION The International Chamber of Shipping [1] report on

the Global Supply and Demand for Seafarers has

The Use of Instructional Materials in Physical Education

to Enhance the Students’ Knowledge and Skills in

Swimming and Life

-Saving Techniques

R.R. Germo, B.G.S. Sarinas,

E.C. Coo, M.R. Teruñez, B.E. Gavadan, C.Y. Jardenil

J.R.P.V.

Flores

John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University, Iloilo City, Philippines

ABSTRACT: John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University (Arevalo), Inc. is mandated to offer aquatic-sports

courses such as paddling, rowing, sailing, and swimming to equip students with needed skills essential for

survival in case of emergencies. Since, there is a dearth of instructional materials in Physical Education 2

(Advanced Swimming and Life-saving Techniques), the JBLFMU-Arevalo was given a research grant by the

CHED (Commission on Higher Education) known as DARE TO (Discovery Applied Research and Extension

Trans/Inter-Disciplinary Opportunities) to address the problem. This DARE TO grant aimed to develop

instructional materials in PE 2 that will enhance the swimming performance and life-saving techniques of

students. That is why the researchers would like to test for the effectiveness of this instructional material in the

form of modules over the traditional approach which is lecture in improving the students’ swimming

performance and life-saving techniques in terms of their knowledge and skills. This non-equivalent control

group under quasi-experimental study was utilized among the BSMT (Bachelor of Science in Marine

Transportation) students. A pretest was used to determine swimming performance of the experimental and

control groups. An intervention through the use of instructional materials was employed in the experimental

group for the whole semester (five months) while the control group was exposed to lecture as a traditional

method of instruction. After a semester, the posttest was administered. The statistical tools used were mean,

standard deviation, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon-signed ranks test. The findings of the study revealed that

the instructional material is effective in enhancing the swimming performance and life-saving techniques of

students both in the aspects of knowledge and skills. Both the experimental and control groups were “Fair” in

their knowledge pretest scores but during the posttest, the experimental group was “Good” and the control

group was “Fair”. On the other hand, both the experimental and control groups were “Fair” in their skills’

pretest scores but during their posttest, the control group was “Good” while the experimental group was

“Excellent”. The experimental group who used the module showed significantly better performance during the

posttest both for knowledge and skills compared to the control group who did not use the module (lecture

only). The study further showed significant differences in the mean gains between the experimental and control

groups after the conduct of pretest and posttest in favor of the experimental group. It can be gleaned from the

results that the module can enhance the knowledge and skills in swimming performance and life-saving

techniques of the experimental group. It is highly recommended that this module be utilized among maritime

schools offering swimming and life-saving courses.

http://www.tra

nsnav.eu

the

International Journal

on Marine Navigation

and Safety of Sea Transportation

Volume 16

Number 2

June 2022

DOI: 10.12716/1001.16.02.05