@article{Kamis_Ahmad Fuad_2021,
	author = {Kamis, Amir Syawal and Ahmad Fuad, Ahmad Faizal},
	title = {A Concept Explanation on the Development of Wheel Over Point Mathematical Model for Efficient Course Alteration},
	journal = {TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation},
	volume = {15},
	number = {4},
	pages = {795-798},
	year = {2021},
	url = {./Article_A_Concept_Explanation_on_the_Development_Kamis,60,1176.html},
	abstract = {This concept paper described the process of bridging the gaps in one of the methods for determining wheel over point (WOP). WOP is a marking made on charted courses to indicate a point at which a ship should change course. Identifying WOP is vital to avoid the vessel overshooting the planned track. One method for determining WOP is the advanced transfer technique. However, two issues were identified while reviewing this technique. Therefore, an improved mathematical model could be developed to overcome these problems. A manoeuvring analysis using a ship simulator will be performed to test the developed mathematical model's efficacy. The data obtained from the simulation study can be validated further by its adherence to the cross track limit, reduction in percentage change, and using IBM SPSS for the Mann-Whitney U test. The developed mathematical model is expectantly capable of producing a better track-keeping function and suitable for use onboard a cargo ship. The mathematical model also could be implemented as an algorithm in the Electronic Chart Display and Information System to help navigators make more efficient course changes.},
	doi = {10.12716/1001.15.04.11},
	issn = {2083-6473},
	publisher = {Gdynia Maritime University, Faculty of Navigation},
	keywords = {Mathematical Model, ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System), Altering of the Course, Wheel Over Point (WOP), IBM SPSS, Efficient Course Alteration, Mann-Whitney U Test}
}