@article{Wawok_Bonowicz_Zdankowski_Kelner_2025,
	author = {Wawok, Dawid and Bonowicz, Wiktoria and Zdankowski, Piotr and Kelner, Jan},
	title = {Overview of QoS Metrics and Mechanisms Used in Mobile Networks},
	journal = {TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation},
	volume = {19},
	number = {4},
	pages = {1221-1227},
	year = {2025},
	url = {./Article_Overview_of_QoS_Metrics_and_Mechanisms_Wawok,76,1610.html},
	abstract = {Mobile networks constitute the primary telecommunications system used in road transport. They also play an important role in maritime transport, particularly in ports and coastal areas. The development of fifth-generation (5G) and beyond technologies — especially non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) and their integration with satellite communication — opens up the potential for mobile connectivity even on the high seas. Quality of service (QoS) in mobile networks is essential for ensuring high performance, reliability, and efficient management of network resources. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the key QoS metrics and mechanisms employed in mobile networks across different generations, from third (3G) and fourth-generation (4G) to the latest advancements in 5G. It discusses the evolution of cellular networks and strategies for QoS management, with a focus on critical key performance indicators (KPIs) and traffic optimization mechanisms such as bandwidth management, packet prioritization, and service differentiation. The aim is to provide a detailed and systematic review of QoS technologies, highlighting the differences between network generations and their impact on end-users and telecom operators. These topics are particularly relevant in the context of growing demand for high-throughput and low-latency services, making QoS optimization one of the key challenges facing modern mobile networks.},
	doi = {10.12716/1001.19.04.20},
	issn = {2083-6473},
	publisher = {Gdynia Maritime University, Faculty of Navigation},
	keywords = {}
}