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1 INTRODUCTION
TheGMUexperienceinbuildingofmodernbasefor
maritimeeducationresultsfromits[1][2]:
contribution in the modification processes of the
IMOSTCW78/2010Convention,
adoption of programs to the National and
EuropeanQualificationsFrameworkprocedures,
creation of new specialisations inresponseto the
needsofaglobalandlocallabourmarket,
Development of research on selected purposes
addressed to new technological and organizational
solutionsfriendlyforusersandenvironment.
2 THEGMUCONTRIBUTIONINTHE
MODIFICATIONOFPROCESSESOFTHEIMO
STCW78/2010CONVENTION
The legislative way and a role of GMU in
comprehensivereviewoftheIMOSTCWConvention
andSTCWCode[3]startwiththePolishactivitieson
Maritime Education and Research to Face the XXI-st
Century Challenges in Gdynia Maritime University’s
Experience
Part II – Gdynia Maritime University of Experience the
21st Century Challenges
J
.Mindykowski,A.Charchalis,P.Przybyłowski&A.Weintrit
GdyniaMaritimeUniversity,Gdynia,Poland
ABSTRACT: In the paper, divided into two parts, a problem of advancements in maritime education and
researchfacingthe21stcenturychallenges,basedonthecasestudyoftheGdyniaMaritimeUniversity(GMU)
experienceisdiscussed.PartIisdevotedtotheadvancesinthe
maritimeeducationandresearchtowardsthe
challenges in a global meaning. The maritime education challenges are focused on contribution of the
University’srepresentativesinfullimplementationoftheSTCW1978asamendedin2010convention,andon
the flexible adoption of the academic specializations and programmes to the European and National
Qualifications Frameworks, as well as to the needs of a global and local labour market. The research
advancementsinthemaritimeuniversitiesarebasicallyorientedtomarinetransportproblems,andtheirmain
focus is concentrated on the implementation of new technologies, effective and reliable technical and
organizationalsolutions,friendlyfor
usersandenvironment.
PartIIisdedicatedtotheGdyniaMaritimeUniversityexperiencingthe21stcenturychallenges.Inthispart,
firstlytheeducationandresearchpotentialoftheGdyniaMaritimeUniversity,astheoneoftheworld‐leading
maritimeuniversities,isshortlypresented.Andnext,theGMU’scontributionandgoodpractices
concerning
the participation in modification of the processes of the IMO STCW 78/2010 convention, adoption of
programmesintotheinternationalandnationalqualificationframeworks’standardsandprocedures,aswellas
thedevelopmentofresearchaddressedtoanewtechnologicalandorganizationalsolutionaredescribedand
analyzed.
http://www.transnav.eu
the International Journal
on Marine Navigation
and Safety of Sea Transportation
Volume 7
Number 4
December 2013
DOI:10.12716/1001.07.04.14
582
ECDIS (Electronic‐Chart Display and Information
Systems).Theuniversityhasperformedstandardsfor
ECDIS in 1995, followed by deliverance of IMO
Model Course on Operational Use of ECDIS (2000),
Interim Guidance on Training in the Use of ECDIS
(2001), IAMU Model Course on ECDIS (2004),
Performance Standards for ECDIS (2006),
an
Operational Handbook on ECDIS (2009), the STCW
ConventioninManila(2010)andIMOModelCourse
onOperationalUseofECDIS(2012).
The Polish activities on ETO (Electro‐Technical
Officers)arealsoperformedbytheGMUandreferto
the definition and mandatory requirements for
certification of Electro‐Technical Officer
and Senior
Electro‐Technical Officer (Poland, France, United
Kingdom, Bulgaria – 2007), consolidation of the
requirementsforelectro‐technicalofficersatoperation
and management levels (Poland, France, United
Kingdom, Bulgaria and Iran – 2009), decision to
include in STCW Convention requirements for
electro‐technical officers at operation level and
electro‐technical
ratings at support level (2010), the
STCWConvention,Manila(2010),IMOModelCourse
DraftforElectro‐TechnicalOfficers(2012).
More comprehensive information concerning
Polish activities in IMO on Electro‐technical Officers
requirements can be found in [4][5]. That paper
summarizes the legislative way and a role of the
Gdynia Maritime
University in a comprehensive
reviewoftheIMOSTCWconventionandSTCWcode
aswellastheconsequencesresultingfromit.
3 ADOPTIONOFTHEGMUPROGRAMMESTO
THENATIONALANDEUROPEAN
QUALIFICATIONFRAMEWORKPROCEDURES
In Poland and in the GMU’s programmes and
procedures, the implementation of the National
Qualification Framework
for higher education and
the life‐long learning have been designed to be
adequatetotheEuropeanframeslevels.Itmeansthat
levels of the Polish Qualifications Framework
correspond with eight tiers specified in European
Framework of Qualifications [2][6], defined in
Recommendation of European Parliament and
European Union Board. Moreover,
the
correspondence of the National Framework of
QualificationswiththeEuropeanFramework,ensures
transparency of the system of higher education in
Polandandisabaseofcompatibilityofqualifications
(diplomas) obtained in Polish universities with the
qualificationsgainedinothercountries.
Asanexample–aconceptofeducationprocess
at
Marine Engineering Faculty of GMU is shown
below[1].
The first level studies cover two options: a
practicalprofilewith8semestersofthestudyand240
ECTS points (including 6 month practice at sea) as
wellasageneralprofilewith7semestersofthestudy
and 210
ECTS points (including 4‐6 weeks of
industrialpractice).
Thesecondlevelstudiesalsocoverstwooptions:a
practicalprofilewith4semestersofthestudyand120
ECTS points (including 6 months practice at sea,
dedicatedtostudentsgraduatedafterno‐marinefirst
level)aswellasageneralprofile
with3semestersof
thestudyand90ECTSpoints.
Afinaleffectistheexpectedelimination,oratleast
reduction of education obtained in Poland, either in
the case of continuation of education abroad or
internationaljobmarketactivity.
4 CREATIONOFNEWSPECIALISATIONS
This process is caused by
the changes and
modificationsofIMOdocumentsfromoneside,and
inresponsetotheneedsofaglobalandlocallabour
market from another. One of the most important
factorsstipulatingtheconsideredprocessistofinda
good answer to a question: how to attract young
people to maritime
universities, or wider – to
maritime economy career? Experience of the GMU,
confirmed with a really satisfying results of the
recruitment procedures, confirmed that it is based,
among others, on creation of several new
specializationsinthelastyears[1].Forinstance,atthe
FacultyofNavigation there were introduced
Marine
Transport and Logistics Systems, Offshore
TechnologiesandArcticNavigation.AttheFacultyof
Marine Engineering – the Marine Power Plant and
OffshoreConstructionOperation,RepairEngineering
Management and Operation of Industrial
installations. At the Faculty of Marine Electrical
EngineeringtherewereShipElectro‐Automationand
Data Communication Systems and Networks.
And
finally, at the Faculty of Entrepreneurship and
Commodity Science there were Commodity Science
and Quality Management, Modern Tools of
Management, Human Resources Management, IT in
TransportandTradeaswellasNutritionServicesand
Dietetics.
Theseactions,undertakenbytheGMUauthorities,
are resulting with a very good reputation
of the
university, confirmed by a growing number of
candidates and a very positive opinion of the
shipownersandemployers.
5 DEVELOPMENTOFRESEARCHINSELECTED
AREAS
Themainfocusoftherecentlyconductedandquickly
developed research is concentrated on
implementationofnewadvancedtechnologies[7],as
well as on
effective and reliable technical and
organizationalsolutions.Themostimportantprojects
are dedicated to and implemented in the numerous
areas, but their key points are related to the highest
values for the world marine community today, it
meanssafety,qualityandenvironmentalfriendliness
[8].The prioritiesofthe scientificareas
areresulting
fromthe“hottopics”intheinternationalcooperation
(e.g.7
th
EuropeanFrameworkProgramme)aswellas
the expectations and challenges formulated by the
industry. They cover, among other things, such
directions as: Information and Communication
Technologies, Energy, Environment, Transport and
alsoFood,AgricultureandFisheries,Biotechnology.
583
Short overview of the most important and
representativeareasoftheresearchcarriedoutatthe
fourGMUfacultiesisshownbelow[1].
The Navigation Faculty lead the multi‐
dimensional scientific and research activities
concerningthe generallyconceivedconceptofsafety
innavigationwiththeuseofterrestrial,celestialand
radio‐navigation. In case of the Marine Engineering
Faculty, the research works are connected with
combustionofheavyfuelsinshipengineswithregard
to environmental protection issues, operation and
diagnostics of power systems, including electrical
power plant. Improvement of the processes of
generation,distributionandconsumptionofelectrical
energy
based on new methods of control and
electronic power converters application; automation
of the processes of ship movement control are the
focus for the Marine Electrical Engineering Faculty.
The Entrepreneurship and Quality Science Faculty
conduct the research on techniques of analysis,
assessment and optimization of software reliability;
applications of the information
technology in
supportingdecisionmakingprocesses,theuseofnew
instrumental methods to evaluate quality of food
products and the method of eco‐balance to evaluate
theenvironmentalimpact.
Oneofthemeasuresofthehighestlevelofcarried
our research at the university is the doctoral
entitlement. In the
case of the GMU, the national
authorization for granting the scientific degree of
Ph.D.(DoctorofPhilosophy)isobtainedrespectively:
Faculty of Navigation in the scientific domain of
Transport,
Faculty of Marine Engineering in the scientific
domainofMachineConstructionandOperation,
Faculty of Electrical Engineering in the
scientific
domains of Electrical Engineering and Electronic
Engineering,
And finally Faculty of Entrepreneurship and
Commodity Science in the scientific domain of
CommoditySciences.
Additionally, a Faculty of Electrical Engineering
and Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Commodity
Science have the highest national entitlement for
granting the scientific degree of D.Sc. (Doctor
of
Science) in Electrical Engineering and Commodity
Sciences,respectively.
5.1 ExampleofscientificresearchontheFacultyof
Navigation
Themaingoaloftheresearchunderconsiderationis
thedevelopmentof e‐Navigation concept[9][10][11].
Theresearchmethodcoversandisrelatedtotheuser
needsdefinition,architecturedefinition,gapanalysis,
implementationandreviewlessonslearned.
Thecoreobjectivesofe‐Navigationconceptusing
the electronic data capture, communication
processingandpresentationareillustratedinFig.3.
Figure3.ADescriptiveModelofE‐Navigation
A comprehensive description of the development
of e‐Navigation concept, including human element,
the basic assumptions, solutions and created
possibilities of application can be found in the
publications[9][10][11].
5.2 ExampleofscientificresearchonFacultyofMarine
Engineering
The main aim of the presented research is the
diagnosis of marine
diesel and turbine engines
[12][13].Theresearchmethodisbasedonthemodern
methods of non‐invasive assessment of technical
conditionofmarineenginessuchasthemeasurement
and analysis of indicator graphs, measurement and
vibrationanalysis,measurementofacousticemission,
measurementandanalysisofexhaustgasesemission,
thermovision,video
endoscopyandsurfaceanalysis.
Belowashortcharacteristicoftheindicatorgraphs
application is presented. The laboratory stand and
example of the recorded measurement results are
illustratedinFig.4andFig.5,respectively.
Figure4. Laboratory stand for the measurement and
analysisofindicatorgraphs
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Figure5. Exemplary characteristic of a pressure in the
combustionchamberandapressureafterthefuelinjection
pump
Presentedindicatorgraphs concern the measured
characteristic pressures, which are applied in
diagnostics of the marine diesel engines, including
fuelinjectionprocesses.
More information connected with the analysis of
indicator graphs, its theoretical basis, practical
importance and applications can be found in
publications[12][13].
5.3 ExampleofscientificresearchonFaculty
ofElectrical
Engineering
The main goal of the presented research is the
assessment of power quality of electrical power
system onboard of ships [14]. The research method
consists of a measurement and analysis of power
quality indices characterizing the ship electrical
network in the light of the classification societies’
rules
andrequirements.
In Fig. 6a) an exemplary configuration of ship
electricalpowerstationwithmeasurementdevicesis
illustrated.Asystemisequippedwithcontrolledload
giving a possibility to evaluate the load distribution
parametersbasingontherealsignalsinshipelectrical
powerstations.
InFig.6b)a front panel and
exemplary recorded
resultswiththeuseofelaboratedEstimator‐Analyzer
ofpowerquality.Moreinformationaboutthispower
quality Estimator‐Analyzer, its software, including
methods and algorithms for measurements under
consideration as well as hardware and research
results,arepresentedinpublications[15][16].
a)
b)
Figure6. Laboratory stand for experimental verification of
power quality parameters in the electrical power systems
onboardofships.
5.4 ExampleofscientificresearchonFacultyof
EntrepreneurshipandCommoditySciences
In the field of commodity science and quality the
research activities concern shaping, evaluating and
protectingofrawmaterialsqualityandfoodproducts
in planning, producing storing and trade turnover.
The examples of research tasks are chemical food
pollution,
ecological conditions of food quality,
application of ecobalance method and products of
evaluationofenvironmentalliabilities.
The main goal of the presented research is the
application of new instrumental methods of
evaluationofproducts’quality[17][18].Theresearch
method is based on the application of fluorescence
method for identification of
brand and overheated
honeys.
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a)
b)
Figure7. Application of fluorescence method of
identification of selected products properties a) laboratory
stand b)exemplaryrecordedmeasurementresult
Some additional data and description of the
fluorescence method for identification of selected
productsareincludedinthepublications[17][18].
6 FINALREMARKS
Gdynia Maritime University Experience to XXI‐st
Century Challenges is based on firstly, in maritime
education domain – on active contribution of the
University’srepresentativesinfullimplementation
of
theSTCW1978asamendedin2010convention,and
on the flexible adoption of the academic
specialisationsandprogrammestotheEuropeanand
NationalQualificationFrameworks,aswellastothe
needsofaglobalandlocallabourmarket. Secondly,
inthe maritime domain‐theyarebasically oriented
to
marinetransportproblems,andtheirmainfocusis
concentrated on the implementation of new
technologies, effective and reliable technical and
organisational solutions, friendly for users and
environment.
Summingupthetwopartsofthepresentedpaper,
itsmaingoalistheanalysisofandtheconsequences
resulting from the 21
st
century challenges that the
maritimeuniversitiesface,aswellasthemulti‐aspects
discussionof someways andsolutionsbased onthe
Gdynia Maritime University’s experience, how to
overcomethesechallenges.Thepresentedapproachdeals
with two domains, maritime education and marine
transport–basedresearch,respectively.
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